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What is NPS?
What is NPS about?
How NPS works compared to standard and race engines
Operating Principles of NPS
Basic description of parts and processes that work together to produce NPS
Combination of parts and processes that work together to produce NPS
HTCSI combustion compared to HCCI combustion
Working prototype engines
Negative pressure produces the SAME force as positive pressure
Vacuum or boost is the result of high pressure forcing itself into low pressure environment
How internal combustion engines and superchargers actually work

Negative Supercharging Cooling System

Keeps the water temperature below 50°C (122°F) with hot air induction by using a special coolant flow restrictor and a unique combination of conventional cooling system parts that may already be fitted to the vehicle

Cold Cooling System

Negative Supercharging Cooling System comprises of...
  • Coolant Flow Restrictor
  • 3 Row Cellular Tubular Radiator
  • NON-Thermal Fan Clutch
  • Clutch Fan
  • Radiator Fan Shroud
  • NON-Glycol Coolant Inhibitor ABOVE freezing -or- Glycol Anti-Freeze Coolant BELOW freezing only
  • Tap or Distilled Water

Negative Supercharging Cooling System Specs

How the Negative Supercharging Cooling System works
The Negative Supercharging Cooling System uses a low flow technique that circulates the water 5 times slower than conventional high flow cooling systems to keep the water temperature below 50°C (122°F). The low flow technique is produced by a special coolant flow restrictor with a small tapered hole that produces the optimum coolant flow rate of 23 L/min (5 gpm) from idle to peak rpm. In other words the Negative Supercharging Cooling System circulates the entire cooling system once every 35 seconds from idle to peak rpm. Compared to conventional high flow cooling systems, they circulate the entire cooling system once every 14 seconds at 2000rpm which increases to once every 5 seconds at 5000 rpm. This circulates the water through the radiator too fast which allows the hot water to flow back into the engine before the air flow can draw most of the heat from the radiator.

The low flow technique keeps the water in the radiator for a much longer period of time which allows the air flow to draw a lot more heat from the radiator. This substantially reduces the water temperature and keeps it below 50°C (122°F) even at high speeds due to the fact that, 1) cold water absorbs and releases a lot more heat than hot water and 2) the higher air flow through the radiator at high speeds draws a lot more heat from slower coolant flow. Therefore, if the water flows faster or slower than the optimum flow rate of 23 L/min (5 gpm), it substantially increases the water temperature above 50°C (122°F).

However, for the low flow technique to work effectively in keeping the water temperature below 50°C (122°F) it must be used with the following parts and coolant.

  • 3 Row Radiator - draws more heat from the slow flowing coolant with its larger cooling surface area
  • NON-Thermal Fan Clutch and Fan - maintains a constant air flow through the radiator at all times
  • Radiator Fan Shroud - maximises the air flow through the radiator at idle and low speeds
  • Tap or Distilled Water - maximises heat transfer
  • NON-Glycol Coolant Inhibitor - prevents corrosion and maximises heat transfer above freezing

Engine runs hot with cold water
The water in the coolant passages of the engine absorb heat from the combustion chamber and cylinder walls to maintain the optimum combustion temperature and prevent the engine from overheating whether the water is hot or cold. However, cold water absorbs a lot more heat than hot water. Therefore, by circulating cold water through the coolant passages it absorbs more heat from the hotter combustion produced by Negative Pressure Supercharging and hot air induction. The cold water prevents the hotter combustion from exceeding the optimum temperature and overheating the engine while allowing the cylinders, combustion chamber, valves, pistons, rings, crank and oil to operate at the normal hot temperature. The ONLY part of the engine that runs cold with Negative Pressure Supercharging is the water in the coolant passages.

For example,

  1. The engine runs so hot with Negative Pressure Supercharging and cold water that, a) the engine uses spark plugs 5 steps colder than standard to prevent pre-ignition with the hotter combustion and b) when the engine is turned-off, the hotter combustion chamber causes the water temperature to suddenly increase by 35°C (63°F) from 50-85°C (122-185°F).
  2. The Negative Supercharging Cooling System is so efficient at keeping the water cold with Negative Pressure Supercharging and hot air induction that when the engine is turned-off, the hotter combustion chamber causes the water temperature to suddenly increase by 35°C (63°F) from 50-85°C (122-185°F). However, when the engine is re-started the water temperature immediately reduces to the optimum 50°C (122°F) operating temperature.

Negative Supercharging Cooling System does NOT need...

Thermostat
High flow cooling system
High flow water pump
Complex plumbing
Expensive plumbing
Expensive chemical coolant

For example,

  1. High flow water pumps and cooling systems circulate the water too fast through the radiator. This allows hot water to flow back into the engine before the air flow can draw most of the heat from the radiator which prevents the water from running this cold.
  2. Chemical coolant that prevents vapour bubbles from forming to improve heat transfer in hot water does NOT work with the colder water temperature produced by the Negative Supercharging Cooling System. This is because the water temperature is too cold to form vapour bubbles and this type of chemical coolant is very poor at transferring heat at colder coolant temperatures compared to water.

Heat transfer is the efficiency of a liquid to absorb and release heat
Water has a very high specific heat, which means it absorbs and releases a lot more heat produced by combustion than all other liquids. For example, adding other liquids to water in large volumes, such as Glycol anti-freeze, reduces the efficiency of water to transfer heat the larger the volume added to the water which reduces the efficiency of the cooling system which causes overheating problems during hot weather.

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Ph: (02) 9398 5544
Fax: (02) 9398 5644

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Fax: +(612) 9398 5644

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Inventor of Negative Pressure Supercharging

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